Benefits of Goji Berries Antioxidants

Goji berry is also known through the name of wolfberry, that’s grown within the Himalayas. Goji berries and lycium bark play important roles in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) , where they are believed to enhance immune system function, protect the liver and improve circulation, help eyesight, among other effects. Referenced in ancient Asian medical texts and known by the Latin term lyceum barbarum, the Tibetan berry is considered by researchers to be the most potent goji on the planet.

Why do People Use Goji Berry?

• Higher antioxidant levels

• Fight free-radical damage

• Improve your immune system

• Boost your energy levels and stamina

• Improved athletic performance

• Better quality of sleep

• Maintains a healthy blood pressure

• Supports healthy liver function.

Immune System

Goji berry contain compounds known as Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, usually referred to as polysaccharides. Responsible for controlling the body’s defense system, the goji berry’s 4 special polysaccharides help to improve the immune system. Research has shown that these compounds improve the body’s ability to resist disease. In some study groups with elderly people the goji berry was given once a day for 3 weeks, very effective results were experienced and 67% of the patients T cell transformation functions tripled and the activity of the patients white cell interleukin-2 doubled.

Liver Problems

GojiSeveral types of phytonutrients in the fruit enhance the health of the liver to detoxify and guard  against the organ being damaged by carcinogens and the hepatitis virus. In a study conducted in 2002,  found that zeaxanthin from goji berry inhibited hepatic fibrosis, a scarring response to liver damage that can impair liver function. (Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin-March 2002). Some researchers believe that goji berries may be a very good food to prevent liver cancer because it exerts liver protection and anticancer effects at the same time.

Anti-Cancer

Various researchs have shown the goji berry to increase the lymphocyte transformation level and strengthen the macrophage phagocytic function in animals. Contains a compound that is active against all major types of leukaemia called Physalin. It has been shown to increase splenic natural killer cell (NK) activity in normal and tumour-bearing mice, with broad-spectrum anti cancer effect. In one study on a group of cancer patients, the goji  triggered an increase in both lymphocyte transformation rate and white blood cell count.

Brain

Goji help protect brain cells from harmful chemical toxins. In addition to antioxidants that protect against free radical damage to the brain, fight narrowing of the arteries that deliver oxygen and nutrients to brain cells. In a study at the “University of Hong Kong“, researchers theorized that since goji  extract has anti-aging effects, also has neuroprotective effects against toxins in neurodegenerative diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease.

Eye Health

Goji are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to strengthen eye health and are also known to contain a high rate of zeaxanthin dipalmitate. Goji berry is one of nature’s richest sources of  zeaxanthin. Contains about 100 to 200 mg of zeaxanthin per 100 grams. A diet with increased amounts of lutein and  zeaxanthin has been helpful in decreasing the risk of developing age related macular degeneration, the most important reason of blindness and loss of vision in people above the age of 65. In a new  laboratory study, this one from Australia’s University of Sydney, researchers found that goji berry extract prevented the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

Ulcer

A stomach ulcer is a general term that includes several other types of ulcers found in the digestive system. Goji berry have the specific anti-inflammatory SOD enzyme that reduces the inflammation caused by ulcers. In addition, SOD plays major role in protecting the body against other diseases. This is very strong free radical fighting antioxidant the body has. Goji may eliminate the need to take anti-inflammatory drugs, which can irritate the digestive tract and cause ulcers.

Weight Loss

For weight loss, goji berries have an important effect on the blood sugar. The goji berry can help aid in weight loss due to its unique molecule polysaccharides which enhance the conversion of food into energy and reduced body weight. In an animal-based study, it was shown that goji polysaccharides enhanced the conversion of food into energy, and reduced body weight.

Goji Juice Dose

2-4 ounces per day for general health. 4-8 ounces per day for extra health support.

Goji Side Effect

Since concentrated goji juice has not been studied in pregnant and nursing women, do not use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. A possible drug interaction could occur with goji if taken with anticoagulants. Patients taking medications to diabetes must not simultaneously take the goji root bark as well. To avoid these side effects, even though goji is  known to be effective and safe, it is recommended that you consult with your physician first.

Vitamin E 400 iu Benefits and Food Sources

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that stops the production of  reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed when fat undergoes oxidation. Vitamin E exists in 8 different isomers. Some members of the vitamin E family are called tocopherols (alpha tocopherol, beta tocopherol, gamma tocopherol, and delta tocopherol). Other members of are called tocotrienols  (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta tocotrienol). Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans. Hence, it is the form of vitamin E found in the largest quantities in blood and tissues vitamin E supplements are available in synthetic or natural  forms. The natural forms are usually labeled with the  “d“, synthetic forms are labeled “dl“. Vitamin E supplements are taken as capsules, with a typical dose 400 IU per day. The natural form is more active and better absorbed.

Vitamin E Deficiency

People with fat-malabsorption disorders are more likely to become deficient than people without such disorders. Patients with health problems, such as liver diseases, cystic fibrosis, and Crohn’s disease may need extra vitamin E. Symptoms of vitamin E deficiency;  muscle weakness, vision problems, abnormaleye movements, loss of coordination.

Vitamin E Sources in Food

Wheat germ oil, sunflower seeds, sunflower oil, olive oil, hazelnuts, almonds, eggs, kiwi, mango, spinach,broccoli, tomato, mustard greens, asparagus.

Antioxidant

Antioxidants are molecules which can interact with free radicals and terminate the chain reaction before vital molecules are damaged. Without adequate levels of antioxidants, these free radicals travel throughout the body, damaging cells. Lab and animal research have shown that antioxidants help prevent the free radical damage that is associated with cancer. While alpha tocopherol inhibits free radical production,  gamma tocopherol is required to trap and neutralize existing free radicals. In a test tube study, gamma tocopherol was found to be more effective than alpha tocopherol in protecting against specific types of oxidative damage.

Supporting Immune

Vitamin EVitamin E  plays a role in your immune system and metabolic processes. Needs vitamin E to help keep the immune system strong against  bacteria and viruses. Is also important in the formation of red blood cells. Vitamin E stimulates the production of NK cells (natural killer cells), those that seek out and destroy germs and cancer cells. A study involving healthy people over age 65 has shown that increasing the daily dose of vitamin E from the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 30 mg to 200 mg increased antibody responses to hepatitis B and tetanus after vaccination. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in nursing home residents reported that daily supplementation with 200 IU of alpha-tocopherol  for one year significantly lowered the risk of contracting upper respiratory tract infections, especially the common cold. Taking 200 IU of vitamin E by oral for more than ten years seems to help prevent death from bladder cancer. In one prospective study, increased levels of plasma gamma-tocopherol were associated with a noticeably extent risk of developing prostate cancer. One study of women in Iowa provides evidence that intakes of vitamin E from foods and supplements could decrease the risk of colon cancer, especially in women.

Heart Disease

This vitamin  supports your vascular health by preventing substances from sticking to blood vessel lining cells and promoting relaxation of your arterial walls. One study of approximately 90,000 nurses found that the incidence of heart disease was 30 to 40 percent lower in those with the highest intakes of vitamin E, primarily from supplements. This study was published in the 1993 New England Journal of Medicine. Among a group of 5,133 Finnish men and women followed for a of 14 years, higher vitamin E intakes from food were associated with decreased mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD). A randomized, placebo -controlled intervention trial in Great Britain found that supplementing heart disease patients with either 400 IU or 800 IU of synthetic alpha-tocopherol  for an of 18 months substantially reduced the occurrence of nonfatal heart attacks by 77 %.

Macular Degeneration

Taking vitamin E by oral in combination with beta-carotene, vitamin C and zinc might slow the worsening of advanced age-related macular degeneration. The study showed that a 400 IU/day intake of vitamin E, taken with vitamin C, beta-carotene and zinc supplementation, slows the progression of advanced age-related macular degeneration by 25 % in individuals at high-risk for the disease. Vitamins C and E may also help treat uveitis.

Infertility

Vitamin E has a protective property on sperm cell and by keeping them from getting damaged, it improves fertility and quality. Several studies have reported positive effects of antioxidants on semen quality. Vitamin E protects against the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated damage on spermatozoa. Combined with vitamin C, vitamin E plays role in preventing sperm clumping together, and promoting motility. Vitamin E has been shown to increase the ability of sperm to fertilize an egg in test tubes. Selenium is an essential mineral for normal testicular development, spermatogenesis, and spermatozoa motility and function. “The University of Maryland Medical Center” recommends taking 400IU per day of vitamin E to prevent or treat sexual dysfunction like depressed sex drive that may result  from hormonal imbalance. A study published 2011 in the “International Journal of General Medicine” found semen quality improved and sperm motility improved in infertile men who took 400 IU  of vitamin E and 200 mcg of selenium daily for 3 months.

Menstrual Cramps and Premenstrual Syndrome

400 IU of Vitamin E (least) daily may help relieve the pain of menstrual cramps. Painful menstruation, affects up to 50% of women but usually menstrual pain does not mean a more serious problem. Taking vitamin E for two days before and for three days after bleeding begins seems to decrease pain severity and duration, and reduce menstrual blood loss. Vitamin E may be help for alleviating menstrual cramps and decreasing blood loss during menstruation, according to the “British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology“.  In one study, 100 young women took either 500 IU of vitamin E or placebo for five days . Women who used vitamin E reported less pain than those who took placebo. A cocktail containing vitamin E and essential fatty acids may help reduce symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, Brazilian researchers report in Reproductive Health. The scientists, from the Federal University of Pernambuco, in Brazil, believe the contents of the cocktail make the body less sensitive to prolactin, a hormone blamed for fluid retention and breast tenderness. Too much prolactin or an abnormal response to this hormone may cause premenstrual syndrome symptoms.

Vitamin E Daily Dosage Recommended

Vitamin E  is measured as milligrams (mg) of alpha-tocopherol. It also can be measured as  International Units (IU). 400 to 800 IU equals 268 to 536 mg.  The RDA for vitamin E is just 15 milligrams (about 23 IU) a day. “The National Academy of Sciences” set a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for vitamin E of 1,000mg (or 1,500 IU of vitamin E in the form of alpha-tocopherol).  This daily limit is intended to apply to all individuals age 19 and older. A study published in the” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” recommends that at least 20 percent of vitamin E supplement should consist of the gamma tocopherol form.

Vitamin E Side Effects

Alpha-tocopherol high amounts of can inhibit platelet aggregation and antagonize vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Two clinical trials have found an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke in participants taking Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol). Nausea and gastric distress have been observed in a few patients taking high dosages (2000-2500 IU/d).  Diarrhea and intestinal cramps have been reported at a dosage of 3200 IU. Stop using this vitamin at least two weeks before a scheduled surgery.

Noni Benefits and Side Effects

Noni juice (morinda citrifolia) is increasing in worldwide popularity as a food or dietary supplement with versatile health effects. Noni has been approved as a safe food within the European Union. Scientific name is ‘Morinda Citrifolia’.  It is a member of the Mulberry family and is also  called ‘Indian Mulberry. Two of the biggest producers of noni are Tahiti and Hawaii. There are now 300 companies that specialize in noni products.

To date around 150 properties have been identified in the noni fruit. It is comprised of essential vitamins, minerals,trace elements, alkaloids, and active enzymes. These are phytochemicals found in noni;  damnacanthal, octanoic acid, anthraquinones, scopoletin, terpenoids, ursolic acid, caproic acid and  rutin. A novel trisaccharide fatty acid ester was recently identified from the fruits of noni.  Approximately, 24 mg to 158 mg of vitamin C, is found in every 100 gr of noni fruit.

Noni Benefits

Morinda Citrifolia is used for those with, immune disorders, cancer, colds, arthritis depression, hypertension and pain. In the last ten years has noni juice become better known to the western world with thousands of users reporting positive results. According to a biochemist scientist named Dr. Ralph Heinicke, noni possesses a proxeronine, a system which strengthens the ailing body and keeps cells from getting sick. The research done by Dr. Heinicke focuses on the effects of enzymatic reactions that are due specifically to taking noni juice on an empty stomach. The aim of his research is to show that noni juice aids in the process that begins cellular repair.

Supports the Immune System

Studies show that noni stimulates an immune response, as a result of polysaccharides, which are antioxidant-rich compounds found in noni juice. Research has shown that noni juice exhibits better antioxidant activity than pycnogenol and grape seed extract. Noni  provides a very powerful antioxidant effect that was proven in research published in the October 2009 issue of Chemistry Central Journal.  A study involving fifteenthousand participants was conducted by Dr. Neil Solomon. An impressive 75% of the study participants reported improvements in their disease conditions and of those persons, 95% saw their subjective improvements occur within 3 months if they followed the study guidelines for taking noni juice daily.

Anti-Cancer

Noni possesses anti tumor activity by stimulating immune factors like Tumor Necrosis Factors  (TNF), NK cells (Natural killer cells)  etc. to attack the tumor. Noni has anti angiogenesis effect on tumor, hence inhibits tumor development. According to a study at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, noni juice may have the potential to help disrupt the vascular networks that support cancerous tumors. In 2001, the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences said that the antioxidant content of noni juice has reduced the formation of cancer cells in the body.

Noni is also considered as a rich source of a phytonutrient called damnacanthal that promotes good health of body cells. The compound has been proved to maintain the exact size and shape of cells by controlling their division. Another team of investigators reported that damnacanthal, a compound removed from the root of the noni plant, may inhibit a chemical process that turns normal cells into cancer cells. In a research published in June 2006 in Phytotherapy Research, noni juice was found to stop the spread of MCF 7 cells in lab tests. In a study reported in Nutrition and Cancer in 2009, 200 smokers who consumed morinda citrifolia  for 1 month had reduced carcinogen-caused changes in their lung cell DNA. A team of scientists from the University of Hawaii, caused tumors to grow in mice and then investigated the results of treatment using specially prepared injections of noni juice.  Mice who received the treatment survived 123% longer than the untreated mice.

Inflammation

One of most important uses is the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis. Noni is proved to help reduce inflammation and strengthens the ligaments and bones.  The juice helps in relieving the swelling and pain and increases the mobility. In vitro experiments with human white blood cells reported in the Jan 2010  edition of Phytotherapy Research demonstrated that noni stopped inflammation-causing proteins. Noni  has shown similar results to  called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A 10% solution of freeze concentrated noni puree in the drinking water of mice reduced the pain sensitivity comparably to the central analgesic drug tramadol. Research results; suggest  that preparations of noni  are effective in decreasing pain and joint destruction caused by arthritis.

Pain Relief

Xeronine is an alkaloid which is effective in repairing the damaged body cells. In addition to cell repair, xeronine is also helpful in regulating several  types of proteins that have different types of functions to perform inside the body. Noni is used effectively as an analgesic, relieving pain without side effects. Xeronine creates a positive impact  for normal cellular functions, and this in turn, may promote a general feeling of wellness, which decreases the pain messages to the brain. A scientific study at the University of Metz in France showed noni to be 75% as effective as morphine sulfate, without the harmful side effects.

Antibiotic

Recent research have suggested that noni juice exerts antibiotic action. Noni juice contains the natural antibiotics , Alizarin, Anthraquinone, Aubin and the antifungal Caproic Acids and Caprylic. Article reported in the 2006, of the American Journal of Chinese Medicine states that noni  may provide positive effects to patients suffering from candida and other fungal infections by inhibiting the growth of the fungi.

Digestive

Noni both supports and stimulates the digestive process, promoting a more efficient breakdown of food into usable forms of nutrients. Anthraquinones from noni help stimulate the activity of the entire digestive process, increasing much needed secretions, enzymes and bile flow. Anthraquinones are also useful for pain relief and as a supplement in numerous health conditions.

Depression

Noni juice stimulates serotonin receptors in the brain increasing serotonin levels. The compounds in noni juice promote an increase in serotonin production, which will improve your mood and may also help any other symptoms related to low serotonin improve or disappear altogether. In a survey conducted of the 1000 people who consume noni juice for help with depression, 77 percent reported some of their symptoms decreased after drinking noni.

Nitric Oxide

New researchs have indicated that noni juice helps to stimulate the production of Nitric Oxide (NO), which is necessary to facilitate the performance of many of our bodies essential processes, and to strengthen our immune system, by stimulating the action of our immune systems cells. Nitric Oxide, which helps to regulate the cardiovascular system, helps increase blood flow, providing stamina and increased energy during intercourse.

Uses

Noni is available as the juice or liquid concentrate. 5 ml each twice a day during the first three days. 10 ml each twice a day from the fourth day onwards. Drink noni juice  twice a day on empty stomach 30 minutes before food. It can also be found in capsule and  tablet form. The nutritional value of noni depends upon the time of harvest primarily. Noni that is prematurely harvested will not ferment properly and its nutritional content will be less than when it is picked fully mature. Noni contains significant levels of proxeronine a precursor to the alkaloid xeronine. An enzyme in the body helps convert proxeronine into xeronine. This effect happens maximum  when noni is taken on an empty stomach.

Noni  Side Effects

Along with its positive effects, noni fruit contains  potassium and sugar that may make it unsafe both for diabetics and for people in renal failure. Consult your doctor if on any medication or taking noni  for any conditions requiring medical attention.

How to Use Goji Juice?

Goji is a bright orange-red berry that comes from a shrub that’s native to China. Goji (Lycium barbarum and Lycium chinense) has been used throughout Asia for for centuries and has been a part of many traditional Asian medicine systems. One of the oldest references to goji is a poem from Liu Yuxi during the Tang Dynasty where he says: ‘the goji nourishes body and soul, drink of the well and enjoy long life’. The plant is highly prized by Tibetan healers, who treat liver, kidney, eye, and skin problems; tuberculosis, diabetes, anxiety, and insomnia; lower blood pressure with the help of goji berries for thousands of years. In 2006, Time Magazine called the goji berry the super fruit of the year, and Dr. Howard Murad called it the most nutrient-dense food on the planet.

Nutritional Analysis of Goji Berries

Goji berries contain polysaccharides, glycosides, flavonoids and the carotenoids lycopene, beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin. Micronutrients include 21 trace minerals, including zinc, iron, selenium, copper, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins such as vitamin C and A. Goji berries are the richest source of carotenoids, including beta-carotene , of all known foods or plants.  Goji berries contain more vitamin C than oranges with 2500 mg of vitamin C per 100 gr of fruit.

Goji Berry Juice Orac

Goji berries also have a high ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) level which is very important in preventing oxidation and in preserving the cells  thereby preventing aging. In 1999, the US Department of Agriculture released the results of a study finding that foods with high ORAC rate may help to slow the aging process and to protect cells from oxidative damage. A study announced in the January 2009 issue of Nutrition Research indicated that continuous consumption of goji  berry juice may offer antioxidant protection and reduce the occurrence of problems associated with oxidative damage. ORAC testing has revealed that goji berries have antioxidant levels more than ten times higher than blueberries and about three times higher than pomegranates. 100 gram goji berries 25.300 ORAC score.

Immune System

Goji contain special polysaccharides which strengthen defense system and are responsible for controlling your body’s most important immune systems. (xylose, rhamnose, mannose, glucose, arabinose, galactose). A lab study published in 2001  found that these polysaccharides appear to prevent human leukemia cell growth. Goji, rich in polysaccharides, strengthen the immune system. Studies with elderly people and those suffering from general debility have shown that consuming goji juice can lead to a 3-time increase in the T-cell transformation functions and the white cell interleukin-2 count can double. (Interleukin 2 an important cell-signaling molecule). The State Scientific and Technology Commission of China reported in 1988 that eating 50 grams of goji berries caused an increase in the white blood cell count.

Anti Cancer

Goji juice contains cyperone and anthocyanins which have been used in cervical cancer treatment, and betain a nerve tonic and memory enhancer. It also contains physalin, which is an active compound against all major kinds of leukemia. Physalin has shown to increase the splenic natural killer cell activity in tumor bearing and normal mice, with broad spectrum anti cancer activity. A Chinese study published in the Chinese Journal of Oncology in 1994 found that 79 people with cancer responded better to treatment when goji juice was added to their regimen. 79 patients in advanced stages of cancer were treated with the drug LAK/IL-2 combined with Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides . Regression of the several cancers was observed. The response rate of patients treated with LAK/IL-2 and LBP was 40 percent while that of patients treated only with LAK/IL-2 was 16 percent study. A study published in the March 2011 edition of the journal Medical Oncology reveals that the polysaccharide components of goji inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells. One of the compounds found in goji juice that is highly effective in the fight against cancer and other ailments in the human body is germanium. It is an oxygen catalyst, and since all forms of cancer are anaerobic, this compound has been demonstrated in research to potentially retard and even reverse the proliferation of cancer cells. Japanese studies indicate that organic germanium is effective in treating lung cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, and testicular cancer when combined with other drugs.

Eyesight

Goji berries are rich in antioxidants, particularly carotenoids as beta carotene and zeaxanthin. These carotenoids are highly effective in protecting the retina of the eye and improving eye sight. A study of elderly adults published in 2001 in Optometry and Vision Science found that goji  juice protected the macula from damage. One of zeaxanthin important tasks is to protect the retina of the eye by absorbing blue light and acting as an antioxidant.

Cardiovascular

Goji contains cyperone, a substance that promotes a healthy heart and regulates blood pressure. A study published in The International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2010 found that the antioxidants in goji juice reduce the risk of cardiovascular condition. Goji’s glycoconjugates have been shown to be able to inhibit lipid peroxidation, which is a common factor for heart disease. In a clinical study, goji juice use was accompanied by a noticeably extent 40 % increase in SOD levels, and a decrease in lipid peroxides of an impressive 65 %.

Liver Health

Goji berry contains betaine, cerebroside and pyrroles, which have been proven to help protect and support healthy liver function. Betaine is a phytonutrient found in goji berries that helps the liver to better detoxify and guard itself from hepatitis and damaging carcinogens. Research in China found that the hepatoprotective element contained in goji helps combat hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride.

Diabetes

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), goji berry has been used for diabetes mellitus and its complications. Researches have shown that goji  are rich in antioxidants, specifically carotenoids, which are known to protect the retina of the eye and believed to decrease the risk of developing macular degeneration, a disease associated with complications from diabetes. Also they help protect the eyes from blindness attributable to macular degeneration since goji berries have carotenoid.

Human Growth Hormone

The unique polysaccharide content in goji  stimulate the pituitary glands to increase the secretion of Human Growth Hormone, which has the ability to slow down or even reverse some of the symptoms of aging. Human Growth Hormone (HGH) helps a person fight body fat, sleep better, improve memory, quicken healing and can give a more youthful appearance.

Alzheimer’s Disease

In addition to antioxidants that protect against free-radical damage to the brain, goji  prevent the narrowing of the arteries that deliver oxygen and nutrients to brain cells. Goji berry also helps your body produce choline, an essential nutrient that combats free radical damage linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Other animal study done by researchers at the University of Connecticut in 2010 found it inhibited the growth of beta-amyloid protein, a type of plaque that forms on the brain that is thought to contribute to Alzheimer’s disease.

How to Use Goji Juice?

Supporting the immune: 30-60ml daily

Cardiovascular Health: 60 ml daily

High blood pressure: 45 ml daily

Sexual problems: 30 – 60 ml daily

Liver health: 15 – 30 ml daily

What Are the Dangers of Goji Berries?

Goji berries contains betaine, an aborticide substance. Hence, pregnant women should avoid the use of goji and related food supplements. Goji root bark can interact with high blood pressure and diabetes related medications to produce some  side effects. Consult a doctor before supplementing your diet  with goji, if you are taking  blood thinners or anticoagulant medication.

Pycnogenol Benefits Side Effects and Tinnitus

Pycnogenol® (Pinus maritima) is a unique plant extract that originates from the bark of the maritime pine trees grown in forests in south-western France. Pycnogenol goes beyond being a powerful antioxidant, its proven safe and effective with over 220 documented published articles and 75 clinical trials. Pycnogenol contains nutrients like proanthocyanidins, monomers, ferulic acid and caffeic acid, taxifolin, catechin and epicatechin.

Pycnogenol Benefits

Pycnogenol demonstrates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. In addition, has been studied for a wide range of conditions, including chronic venous insufficiency, asthma, retinopathy, cardiovascular problems, and erectile dysfunction. It’s a powerful antioxidant, acts as a anti-inflammatory, selectively binds to collagen and elastin and it aids in the production of endothelial nitric oxide, which helps to dilate blood vessels.

Antioxidant

Pycnogenol is a potent antioxidant. Free radicals are the result of some oxygen molecules that are converted into oxidizing substances during the process that creates energy in cells, cellular respiration. Oxygen is a very active element, and in the stage of exchanging the molecules in the bloodstream, oxygen combines with many different compounds. Some of these compounds can cause damage to body tissue. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of a number of conditions including  arthritic disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular problems.

Pycnogenol, acts  as an antioxidant by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and suppressing production of peroxides. It increases the activities of antioxidant enzymes by increasing the intracellular glutathione amount. Pyncogenol gets quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract due to its excellent water solubility. The compound fixes rapidly to cell membranes in veins and capillaries and connective tissue where it exerts a stabilizing effect  on cellular membranes of all types. Outside and inside the membranes it counteracts destructive oxidation by free radicals from this solubility property. This super antioxidant; It can be retained for as 72 hours while it neutralizes free radicals and prevents oxidation. An in vivo study showed a 40 percent increase in antioxidant potency in blood following 3 weeks supplementation with 150 mg pycnogenol a day. Pycnogenol also, it recycles vitamin C, regenerates vitamin E and increases the endogenous antioxidant enzyme system.

Heart and Circulatory System

Pycnogenol helps to protect capillaries by binding to blood vessels walls and reducing permeability. Pine Bark Extract contains substances that might improve blood flow. Has been shown to improve endothelial function and blood flow. Pycnogenol, inhibits superoxide radical in blood flow, and protects blood vessel walls. The most positive improvements are in peripheral microcirculation. Corrects platelet activity which is responsible for the development of blood clots following vascular damage. Pycnogenol gives a protection against the cardiovascular risks by preventing the clotting of blood platelets, caused by smoking, and inhibits the nicotine-induced constriction of blood vessels. In a study, blood was drawn before and 2 hours after administration of a single pycnogenol dose. The results clearly showed a dose-dependent reduction of platelet activity. Already the lowest dose of 25 mg pycnogenol noticeably lowered the blood platelet activity. Next research revealed that pycnogenol inhibits release of thromboxane from platelets of cigarette smokers to levels of healthy non-smokers.

Pycnogenol is in its ability to cause the blood vessels to relax. Therefore, blood can flow easily through the blood vessels, decreasing blood pressure and hypertension and improving circulation. In a double-blind, placebo controlled study with type II diabetic people medicated with ACE inhibitor Lisinopril and hypoglycaemic medication, pycnogenol significantly lowered blood pressure and half of the patients were able to lower their individual hypotensive medication dosage. By virtue of increasing the production of endothelial nitric oxide, pycnogenol significantly lowers the activity of blood platelets. Nitric oxide represents the natural body-own messenger molecule for releasing elevated thrombocyte activity.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Chronic venous insufficiency  is a disease that includes leg swelling, varicose veins, itching, pain, skin changes, and skin ulcers. Is caused by leg veins inability to pump blood back to the heart.  Left untreated, it can lead to varicose veins, spider veins, pain during walking, and the life threatening condition deep vein thrombosis. Pycnogenol enables restoration of the functions of the small veins through inhibition of the production of inflammatory agents. 15 clinical studies involving over 500 people showed that pycnogenol reduces pain, oedema and other symptoms associated with vein problems. This clinical studies were conducted with doses ranging from 30 mg to 360 mg  a day.

Diabetic Retinopathy

Some studies report effects of pine bark extract in the treatment and prevention of retinopathy, including slowing the progression of retinopathy in diabetics. Intake of pycnogenol has been found to reduce the micro bleedings in the retina and to improve eyesight. Pycnogenol has been tested for treatment and prevention of retinopathy in clinical trials. Studies involving more than 1200 patients showed that pycnogenol repaired permeable capillaries. Progressive deterioration of vision ceased and in some patients, visual acuity increased slightly. In a study published in the “Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics”,  found that taken in the early stages of retinopathy, pycnogenol may enhance retinal blood circulation accompanied by regression of edema, which favorably  improves vision
of patients. Retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in patients with diabetes and is one of the most feared diabetic complications.

Osteoarthritis

Found that pycnogenol improves symptoms of mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis. Also, patients were able to reduce their dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. During three months in a study, received pycnogenol or a placebo. After three months; pycnogenol group experienced decreases in C-reactive protein compared to the placebo group. 100 patients were treated for three months either by 150 mg pycnogenol per day at  taking or by placebo. Patients had to report any change of use of previously prescribed antiinflammatory medication during the study time. Following treatment with pycnogenol patients reported an improvement of WOMAC index, and a significant alleviation of pain by visual analogue scale, the placebo had no effect. According to researchers, results show that pycnogenol in patients with mild to moderate OA improves symptoms and is able to spare NSAIDs. One recent study showed that patients taking 200 milligram of pycnogenol per day for 5 days reduced several key markers of inflammation. Another study found that pycnogenol inhibited the COX-1 and COX-2 inflammatory enzymes.

Tumors

Pycnogenol may guard  against the formation of tumors or another cell mutations caused by free radicals and may help protect against degenerative diseases like cancer. In vitro studies show antimetastatic effects of pycnogenol extract. Pycnogenol has the ability to induce apoptosis and slow down the proliferation of leukemia, ovarian, and  breast cancer cells in vitro. Pycnogenol has been recognized as an anti-oxidant and for its ability to prevent activation of NFkappaB, a transcription factor that is generally overactive in cancer cells. Pycnogenol Dr . D. White reported that it inhibits the enzyme monooxygenase, preventing the formation of highly carcinogenic diole epoxide of benzopyrene. Pycnogenol was found to block the spread of human lung carcinoma cells. A study published in 2009 found that pycnogenol caused a 50 % reduction of thioredoxin reductase activity.

Asthma

Treatment of pycnogenol decreases the level of circulating inflammatory substances in the blood stream and has been shown to improve asthma symptoms and the lung function. Pycnogenol inhibits expression of 5-lipoxygenase and therefore decreases leukotriene levels in asthmatic patients. According to a study of 2002; that pycnogenol may decrease asthma symptom scores and levels of circulating leukotrienes, molecules that cause inflammation. (International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics – number of April 2002). In a clinical study; 26 with asthma participated in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either 1 mg/lb/day (most 200 mg/day) Pycnogenol or placebo for the first period of  four weeks and then crossed over to the alternate regimen for the next  four weeks. 22 patients who completed the study, all responded favorably to pycnogenol in contrast to placebo. Pycnogenol noticeably extent reduced serum leukotrienes compared with placebo.

Erectile Dysfunction

Erection requires the relaxation of the cavernous smooth muscle, which is triggered by nitric oxide. Pycnogenol in combination with L-arginine, may cause an improvement in sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction. Pycnogenol enhances NO (nitric oxide) production which leads to an improvement in blood vessel dilation and an increase in blood flow and oxygen supply to muscles. a study published in 2003 showed that after 3 months of treatment, 92.5 % of male participants taking pycnogenol and l-arginine experienced normal erections.

Melasma

Melasma is a common disorder of hyperpigmentation of the skin usually affecting sun-exposed areas in women. More sunlight exposure is considered the leading factor of melasma, especially in people with a genetic predisposition to this condition. 90% of occurs in women. Thirty women with melasma completed a 30-day trial in which they took one 25 mg tablet of pycnogenol 3 times daily. They were aged between 29 and 59 years  and their mean course of disease was 8 years. All 30 patients completed the 30 day treatment period. At the end of the period, the researchers found that the average area of skin affected by melasma went down by approximate 26 mm squared. Overall effective rate was 80%.

Pycnogenol and Tinnitus

Tinnitus is commonly defined as the subjective perception of sound by an individual, in the absence of external sounds. The word ‘tinnitus’ means tinkling or ringing like a bell. Episodes of tinnitus may be brief or it can be a permanent problem. In many people with tinnitus, the cause is not known. Some medications and other diseases of the inner ear  can cause tinnitus. Tinnitus can in  rare situations be a symptom of such important problems as a brain aneurysm or a brain tumor.

Recent research shows pycnogenol, is useful in relieving tinnitus symptoms and improving inner ear blood flow. In a study; involving 82 people with mild to moderate tinnitus in one ear, 58 took pycnogenol (100 mg or 150 mg per day) and 24 acted as controls. Patients were assigned to one of 3 groups:  first group consisted of 24 patients who were administered 150 mg/day of pycnogenol, second group consisted of 34 patients who were administered 100 mg/day of pycnogenol, and the control group consisted of 24 patients who received no pycnogenol. At the beginning of the study, patients’ average initial systolic and diastolic blood flow velocities were 14.3 and 4.22 cm/sec in the low dose pycnogenol group and 13.2 and 3.2 cm/sec in the high dose pycnogenol group, indicative of insufficient blood perfusion of the ear in both groups. The study found that after 4 weeks of treatment with pycnogenol, inner ear systolic and diastolic blood flow velocities in the affected ear rose to an average of 21.2 and 8.23 cm/sec in the low dose group and to 24.3 and 12.5 cm/sec in the high dose group (Panminerva Medica 2010 June).  ‘This study, clearly  indicates pycnogenol ability to improve vascular function and restore cochlear blood perfusion, which in turn relieves the severity of tinnitus symptoms‘ said Dr. Belcaro.

Pycnogenol Dosage

Some doctors who have used pycnogenol recommend a dose of 20 mg for every 20lbs of body weight to obtain optimal results. (approximately 150-200mg per day.) Pycnogenol is absorbed by the body within 30 minutes and it’s effectiveness lasts 72 hours.

Pycnogenol Side Effects

Is generally safe and well tolerated. By thinning the blood it could cause adverse reactions in those who are on aspirin, coumadin or other medications that cause blood thinning. As a general precaution, pregnant women should not take pycnogenol within the first three months of pregnancy.